An Examination of the Factors Influencing Maternal Mortality in State Specialist Hospital, Maiduguri
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Background of the Study
Maternal mortality remains a critical public health issue in Nigeria, with preventable pregnancy-related deaths still occurring at an alarming rate. The World Health Organization (WHO, 2024) emphasizes that maternal mortality is influenced by several interrelated factors, including healthcare accessibility, socioeconomic status, education level, and cultural beliefs. State Specialist Hospital, Maiduguri, one of the major referral centers for maternal healthcare in Borno State, has witnessed high maternal mortality rates due to a combination of medical and non-medical factors.
One of the primary contributors to maternal mortality in the region is the delay in seeking care, often due to financial constraints, traditional beliefs, and inadequate awareness of maternal health risks (Ahmed & Bello, 2023). Additionally, systemic challenges such as inadequate emergency obstetric care, limited availability of skilled birth attendants, and poor healthcare infrastructure exacerbate the problem. Conflict and insecurity in Maiduguri further hinder access to quality maternal healthcare, as many women face difficulties reaching hospitals in time for delivery or emergency care (Mustapha et al., 2024).
Given the persistent maternal mortality crisis in Maiduguri, there is a need for an in-depth examination of the specific factors contributing to the problem within State Specialist Hospital. Identifying these factors will provide valuable insights for developing effective interventions to improve maternal health outcomes.
Statement of the Problem
Despite numerous interventions to reduce maternal mortality, State Specialist Hospital, Maiduguri, continues to record high rates of pregnancy-related deaths. Existing studies suggest that maternal mortality is influenced by three key delays: (1) delay in deciding to seek care, (2) delay in reaching a healthcare facility, and (3) delay in receiving appropriate medical treatment upon arrival (Ogunyemi et al., 2024). These delays are often caused by a combination of economic, social, and infrastructural factors.
Insecurity in Maiduguri has further complicated maternal healthcare delivery, with many women unable to access medical services due to fear of violence, transportation barriers, and displacement (Ibrahim & Usman, 2023). Within the hospital setting, shortages of skilled personnel, inadequate medical supplies, and poor emergency response systems have also contributed to maternal deaths. Understanding these challenges is crucial for developing policies and interventions that will improve maternal healthcare and reduce mortality rates.
Objectives of the Study
- To identify the key factors influencing maternal mortality at State Specialist Hospital, Maiduguri.
- To assess the impact of healthcare accessibility on maternal mortality rates.
- To propose recommendations for improving maternal healthcare services at the hospital.
Research Questions
- What are the major factors contributing to maternal mortality at State Specialist Hospital, Maiduguri?
- How does healthcare accessibility affect maternal mortality rates in Maiduguri?
- What strategies can be implemented to improve maternal healthcare and reduce mortality?
Research Hypotheses
- Socioeconomic and cultural factors significantly influence maternal mortality rates at State Specialist Hospital, Maiduguri.
- Limited access to emergency obstetric care contributes to increased maternal deaths.
- Improved healthcare infrastructure and skilled personnel will significantly reduce maternal mortality rates.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study focuses on maternal mortality cases at State Specialist Hospital, Maiduguri, and the factors contributing to them. Limitations may include challenges in obtaining data due to confidentiality concerns and the impact of security issues in Maiduguri.
Definitions of Terms
- Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) – The number of maternal deaths per 100,000 live births within a specific period.
- Emergency Obstetric Care – Medical interventions provided to women experiencing life-threatening pregnancy complications.
- Healthcare Accessibility – The ability of individuals to obtain necessary healthcare services, influenced by factors such as location, financial resources, and availability of medical personnel.
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